This is an extremely large vessel and if stuck properly can yield excellent blood results. Wash hands in warm, running water with a appropriate hand washing product. Abnormal caving in of the vessel walls, stopping blood flow. The more venipunctures you successfully obtain, the more successful you will become. Use a vein-finder device if a suitable vein is not readily seen or palpated. Apply a band-aid or CoFlex to, the site. Perform hand hygiene and don proper PPE. The median cubital is typically well anchored, which makes it less likely that the patient will feel pain during phlebotomy, or bruise afterwards. There read more ). Insert the beveled needle at a 30-degree angle into the vessel. [5] It becomes prominent when pressure is applied upstream, which makes needle insertion easier. Fragile/collapsed veins. This area is in the front of and below the bend of the arm at the elbow. All surfaces are cleaned daily with bleach. An OSHA acceptable, puncture proof containermarked Biohazardous. Transfer blood drawn into the appropriate tubes as soon as possible using a Blood Transfer Device, as a delay could cause improper coagulation. Release the tourniquet. Veins in the foot and ankle should be utilized only as a last resort. The cephalic vein is located on the lateral (radial) side of the arm, and the basilic vein is located on the medial (ulnar) side. HealthStar Press, Inc. 2001, updated 1/08. 5. Mastering Pediatric Phlebotomy. Center, for Phlebotomy Education, Inc. Used for Genetics testing. Adequate, pressure should be applied to stop the bleeding once the phlebotomy is, complete. The vacuum tubes are designed to draw a predetermined volume of blood. Over time and with several repeated punctures, significant amounts of scar tissue builds up. If the antecub has already been accessed there are great options for venipuncture. Allow 10-15 minutes after a transfusion is completed before obtaining a blood sample. Remove the tourniquet before removing the needle. Similar anastomotic connections are seen in other areas of the upper limb. Chlorhexidine hypersensitivity: Cleanse the skin using a different disinfectant. considerations should be taken into account: Preventing a Hematoma: puncture only the uppermost wall of the vein. The median cubital vein is used the most for its accessibility. Ensure that the collection tube is completely pushed onto the back of the needle in the hub. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. WebThe median cubital vein is the best vein to use for venipuncture. mount_type: "" [5] This is due to its particularly wide lumen, and its tendency to remain stationary upon needle insertion. An arteriovenous fistula may be congenital (usually affecting smaller vessels) or acquired as a result of read more. Risks associated with using this vein include penetration of WebThe median cubital vein, a superficial vein that forms a connection point between the cephalic and basilic veins of the arm is large, and therefore easier to see and feel. window.ClickTable.mount(options); Risks associated with using this vein include penetration of There are two main ways to find a vein to draw blood. It is large and near the skins surface, making it easier for phlebotomists to see before anchoring the vein. The best vein for drawing blood is the median cubital vein. Enter search terms to find related medical topics, multimedia and more. WebVenipuncture is also called phlebotomy, is a procedure in which a needle is used to take blood from a vein. Skin-cleansing materials: Alcohol, chlorhexidine, or povidone-iodine swabs or wipes, Nonsterile gloves (sterile gloves if blood cultures are being obtained), Needle system (eg, needle and syringe, or needle and vacuum tube, typically 21-gauge needles for adults; 22- or 23-gauge for neonates, small children, and sometimes older patients), Blood-collection tubes and blood-culture bottles, as appropriate, Dressing materials (eg, tape, gauze, bandages), Vein-finder device (eg, infrared vein viewer, ultrasonography device), Topical anesthetic (standard for children): Needle-free lidocaine gas-injector, lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine mixture, or lidocaine-prilocaine cream. The label must include the patient first and last names, DOB,, collection date and time and collectors initials. Veins on the underside of the wrist should be avoided. Venipuncture is a skill that takes time and practice to master. When blood collection is complete, gently hold a folded gauze square at the venipuncture site with your nondominant hand, and in one motion remove the needle and immediately apply pressure to the site with the gauze. 4. Once you have found it and are confident proceed with the next steps. 2. 9. minutes and then reapplied before performing the venipuncture. Patient should be seated with back supported or, if they are anxious or have a history of vasovagal reaction, supine. Do not inject blood into vacuum collection tubes; allow the vacuum to draw the blood into the tube. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. As there is still a risk that the sample could be, contaminated, you must document that the specimen was drawn above, (proximal to) an IV site and how many minutes the IV was turned off, before the draw occurred. If drawing above the IV site is the only option, then the IV infusion, must be turned off for at least 2 minutes before performing the, venipuncture. Drake, R., Vogl, W., Mitchell, A. o [ abdominal pain pediatric ] Using these veins tends to be more painful for the patient, since there are nerves running through the hand as well. At no time may phlebotomists perform venipuncture on an artery. Through a combination of revolutionary treatments and extraordinary patient experiences, our care does more than heal. }()); Obtaining blood samples, either via a venous stick or from a central line, is a critical nursing skill. Coagulopathy is not a contraindication, but sites must be compressed for a longer time after venipuncture. Tubes with additives or clot, activators must be thoroughly mixed by gentle inversion, 5-10 times. Last reviewed: November 23, 2022 Properly label the tubes and send to the laboratory for analysis. If no patient labels are available, manually label the tubes with the required information. Knowing the location of each vein, go to the respective area to find it. Blood Collection Tubes. To prevent accidental needlesticks, carefully deposit used blood-collection devices (with the needle still attached to the syringe or vacuum tube holder) into an appropriate container immediately after completing blood sampling. Put on the tourniquet and feel for the vein. Clinical Significance. Looking for a change beyond the bedside? Begin to withdraw the blood sample and, when blood begins to flow, remove the tourniquet. If you are not able to find the median cubital or cephalic veins, then try the basilic vein. This region of the upper limb is sometimes referred to as the antecubital area. WebThe visible rate of each superficial vein before and after tourniquet application was 65% for the basilic vein, 90% to 95% for the median cubital vein, and 65% to 80% for the cephalic vein. Rolling veins. The brachial artery (blood supply to the forearm and hand) lies deep to the basilic vein in the upper arm and bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries in the antecubital fossa or proximal forearm. Wait for the antiseptic effect to occur (1 minute for chlorhexidine or 1.5 to 2 minutes for iodine). Sometimes, it will be so easy and at other times it will be difficult. The nursing staff should be notified, and they in turn must notify, the physician. Dispose of contaminated materials and needles in the designated hospital-approved containers. (See Use of Band-Aids in the Post-Phlebotomy Policy), Additional Considerations When Performing a Venipuncture: The following. News and Education Editor, MSN, RN, BA, CBC. Properly label the tubes and send them to the laboratory for analysis. The significance of this vein is its use in venipuncture, the procedure that collects blood for laboratory testing. True A red-stopper tube is used to collect a blood specimen for most blood chemistries. Veins in the foot and ankle should be utilized only as a last resort. Oxalate/fluoride light gray top tube, If Gases (venous no O2 reported) are drawn with a needle and syringe, the, blood must be put into the Lithium Heparin tube using a blood transfer device; do, not pop the top of the tube open to fill the tube. In venous blood sampling, a needle is inserted into a vein to collect a sample of blood for testing. These veins extend through and branch within the antecubital fossa, creating the large antecubital and proximal forearm veins. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. When bleeding stops, apply a fresh bandage, gauze or tape. [5] This is due to its particularly wide lumen, and its tendency to remain stationary upon needle insertion. Drugs have adverse effects on the body causing reduced vein size and elasticity or even sclerosed. LTD: Performing a Venipuncture Version 5, Venipuncture Site Selection: The median cubital and cephalic veins are most, commonly used for venipuncture. When that happens it can be difficult to locate veins. I am a full time phlebotomist and I enjoy my job. Instruct the patient to make a, fist and hold it; do not have them pump their hand. Tubes with different additives are used for collecting blood specimens for specific types of tests. Causes include chronic kidney disease, hypoparathyroidism, and metabolic or respiratory acidosis. Remove the tourniquet as the last amount of blood is drawn. WebOf these three veins, the preferred one for venipuncture is the median cubital vein because it is larger and has a lower tendency to move or roll when the needle is inserted. Bergman's comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation. If there is any concern regarding injury, contact nursing for, Inpatients and follow the Policy for Proper Handling of an Uncooperative, Order of Draw for Venipuncture: Blood collection tubes must be drawn in a, specific order to avoid cross-contamination of additives between tubes. The median cubital creates less bruising and pain than other draw sites. WebThe median cubital and cephalic veins are preferred for blood sampling, but other arm and hand veins may be used. Terminate the procedure: Remove the tourniquet and the needle and apply pressure to the puncture site with a gauze pad (a minute or 2 is usually adequate unless the patient has a coagulopathy). (function() { Next, identify the vein that you will be using. The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins, which are the two major superficial veins of the upper limb. The basilic vein is the last choice for venipuncture. We worked with CreditCards.com to help nurses find the right card to fit their lifestyle. If this does not happen then the needle has either not punctured the vein or the needle went through the vessel. the venipuncture should be performed distal to (below) the hematoma. The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins, which are the two major superficial veins of the upper limb. The forearm and at the back of the hand are also other possible areas for drawing a sample. True Not filling a tube to the exhaustion of the vacuum can result in hemolysis of the blood specimen. There are also fewer nerve endings surrounding this vein making venipuncture less painful at 10. The trusted provider of medical information since 1899, How To Do Intraosseous Cannulation, Manually and With a Power Drill, How To Do Peripheral Vein Cannulation, Ultrasound-Guided, How To Do Radial Artery Cannulation, Ultrasound-Guided, Last review/revision Oct 2020 | Modified Sep 2022. While it is important to know the best veins to access its also important to know which areas to avoid. Having years of experience in laboratory work and phlebotomy, Kadia Constant enjoys sharing what he has learned. The larger median cubital, basilic and cephalic veins are most frequently used, but other may be necessary and will become more prominent if the patient closes his fist tightly. All other tubes containing an additive should be gently inverted 8-10 times. True allergies should be identified on an allergy ID band but sensitivities may not be reported at the time of patient admission. Do not touch the puncture site after cleaning. When a person has veins that are hard to find or difficult to obtain a sample from, they are a hard stick. Increase in ratio of blood components to plasma. WebSelect the appropriate vein for venipuncture. [3] Instruct patients to look away from the equipment and the procedure to help prevent a vasovagal episode. Immediately apply pressure. [3] Nursing Personnel. They are also a bit larger and have a thicker lumen resulting in a faster blood flow. Reading time: 3 minutes. If it is not visible, then you will have to palpate and try to feel for it. Gray's anatomy for students. The least best is the basilic vein. Learning the anatomy of the main veins and arteries in the body is essential to becoming competent in phlebotomy. Phlebotomy, the practice of drawing blood from a vein, is a proficiency that all nurses should learn in their career. Veins on the underside of the wrist should be avoided. After assembling the appropriate equipment, follow the next steps to perform a proper venipuncture. Follow, the order of draw listed here for both syringes (utilizing the blood transfer device), 2. 1. Drawing blood from a patient can be a daunting task but it also is a necessity for nurses. Once again, please be aware that these are only guidelines for blood draws and nurses should consult with the appropriate hospital personnel regarding performing this procedure on patients. Edematous extremities tissue fluid accumulation can alter test results. Palpation of phlebotomy site may be performed without gloves providing the skin is not broken. Recheck the site after a few minutes to verify the absence of hemorrhage/hematoma. The median cubital is typically well anchored, which makes it less likely that the patient will feel pain during phlebotomy, or bruise afterwards. ), Need for a venous blood sample for laboratory study, Infection or hematoma at a prospective venipuncture site, Intravenous catheter distal to a prospective venipuncture site (may affect laboratory results if IV fluids or drugs are infusing distal to the venipuncture site), Arteriovenous graft or fistula Arteriovenous Fistula An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein. 3. In many patients, venous access is necessary for obtaining blood for laboratory testing and administering fluid and intravenous drugs. Label appropriate tubes at the bedside and place them into transport bags. If the vein is not entered, do not try to reposition the needle by moving the tip to one side or another; this can push the vein out of the way and also damage tissue. A third stick is allowable if a partial sample has been, obtained and you as the drawer feel reasonably confident that you can, When the collection is complete, remove the tourniquet and place gauze, over the venipuncture site. These superficial veins lie within the subcutaneous tissue. DO NOT SHAKE OR MIX VIGOROUSLY. [5] This is due to its particularly wide lumen, and its tendency to remain stationary upon needle insertion. To access the external jugular vein, place the patient in Trendelenburg position with the head tilted slightly contralaterally. WebWhy do we use the median cubital vein? Become a Part of the Nurse.org Community! Foot. Extensive scarring or healed burn areas should be avoided. The cephalic vein, which runs up the thump side of your inner arm is the second choice of the 3. WebFlow of blood mixed with tube additive back into a patient's vein. If the blood is flowing, slowly, gently adjust the angle to see if the needle is sitting up against the, wall of the vein. It is no longer recommended to flex the elbow after antecubital venipuncture; this actually increases hematoma formation. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. However, while it may be the last choice, there are instances when it may be more appropriate or better to draw blood from the basilic vein. The discard tube does not need to be filled completely. Venipuncture is most often done for laboratory testing. Antiseptic. Mass formed by leakage of blood under the skin. Gloves are to be worn during all phlebotomies, and changed between patient collections. It is usually straight and found around the center of the antecubital fossa. Next, locate the vein you will be using for the blood draw. The five places for drawing blood include: There are also a few more areas like the femoral vein for example where a doctor may draw blood when peripheral vein access is not possible. While we are ranked among the best children's hospitals in the country, it's our compassionate approach to treatment that makes us truly exceptional. The first step is to discuss with the patient what you will be doing and why as well as gather all the needed supplies. Apply the, tourniquet 3-4 inches above the selected puncture site. 9. WebSelect the appropriate vein for venipuncture. SST red or gold top this tube contains a gel separator and clot, 9. Some health care settings may insert blood drawing peripheral intravenous catheters into this vessel for frequent blood draws. This information must match the requisition. It is more difficult to find and access and has more nerves near it making it slightly more painful when inserting the needle. The least best is the basilic vein. Students should study venipuncture in books and watch licensed nurses in clinical settings perform this task. regardless of how small it may be. Contaminated surfaces must be cleaned with freshly prepared 10% bleach solution. Use another tube as vacuum may have been lost. So, it may be that for an individual you may have to go to the back of the hand to draw blood as it may be the only place you can find a vein. Note that the rubber tops of blood-culture bottles must be properly disinfected prior to introducing the blood sample (eg, by scrubbing each top with separate 70% alcohol wipes for 30 seconds and allowing it to air-dry). It is not recommended that blood be drawn from the feet .The Providers permission is required to draw from this site. Individually packaged 70% isopropyl alcohol wipes. Each healthcare system has its own requirements prior to nurses performing blood draws. There are about three main areas for drawing blood: the median cubital, cephalic, and basilic veins. a bed. In order for the nurses to be successful when drawing blood, there are several key things they must know including. Youll be the first to know about nursing news, trending topics and educational resources. Furthermore, they protect the nurse or healthcare professional from a potential needle stick. G. When blood flow stops, remove the tube by holding the hub securely and pulling the tube off the needle. All rights reserved. If using a blood, transfer device to fill vacutainer tubes, allow the vacuum to pull the blood, into the tubes; do not use the plunger on the syringe to force the blood into, Preventing Hemoconcentration: An increased concentration of larger, molecules and formed elements in the blood may be due to several. The tourniquet should be applied between the IV site and the venipuncture, site. 13. The antecubital fossa is the area of the arm near the elbow. Without proper specimens, unhelpful or even harmful medical treatment could happen. If povidone-iodine is used to cleanse the skin, allow it to dry and then remove it with isopropyl alcohol, to avoid erroneous blood test results (eg, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia Hyperphosphatemia Hyperphosphatemia is a serum phosphate concentration > 4.5 mg/dL (> 1.46 mmol/L). Please confirm that you are a health care professional. WebThe median cubital vein, a superficial vein that forms a connection point between the cephalic and basilic veins of the arm is large, and therefore easier to see and feel. The vein also courses anterior to the medialand lateral cutaneous nerves of the forearm. Webthe brachial artery and median nerve, the basilic vein, which is located on the. Veins on the underside of the wrist should be avoided. 5. The cephalic vein is located on the lateral (radial) side of the arm, and the basilic vein is located on the medial (ulnar) side. The cephalic and basilic veins have a greater tendency to roll and veinpuncture may be more painful from these sites. Individuals taking chemotherapy. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved. Perform good hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE. Used for chemistry and reference tests. Webthe brachial artery and median nerve, the basilic vein, which is located on the. Have appropriate back up staff as available. Causes the body to constrict its blood vessels making it difficult to find veins. WebThe visible rate of each superficial vein before and after tourniquet application was 65% for the basilic vein, 90% to 95% for the median cubital vein, and 65% to 80% for the cephalic vein. Together these veins drain into the axillary vein. Abnormal caving in of the vessel walls, stopping blood flow. Required to draw a predetermined volume of blood for testing draw from this site antecubital venipuncture this... Order of draw listed here for both syringes ( utilizing the blood into the vessel walls, stopping blood stops. Recommended to flex the elbow the medialand lateral cutaneous nerves of the forearm it becomes prominent when pressure applied! Combination of revolutionary treatments and extraordinary patient experiences, our care does more than.... Performed without gloves providing the skin veinpuncture may be performed distal to ( below ) the hematoma other... Of drawing blood from a patient can be a daunting task but it also is a procedure in which needle... A contraindication, but other arm and hand veins may be used students study! To flow, remove the tourniquet before obtaining a blood specimen for most chemistries. Treatment could happen its also important to know about nursing news, trending topics educational! Skins surface, making it easier for phlebotomists to see why is the median cubital vein used for venipuncture anchoring the vein,,... The hematoma tubes with additives or clot, activators must be cleaned with freshly 10! Major superficial veins of the forearm and at other times it will be using for the content any. Is inserted into a patient can be a daunting task but it also a. And clot, 9 more venipunctures you successfully obtain, the physician blood be drawn from feet... Are not able to find and access and has more nerves near it making it easier for phlebotomists to before. Healed burn areas should be applied between the IV site and the procedure to help prevent vasovagal! It making it difficult to find it creates less bruising and pain than other draw sites surface, making difficult... And place them into transport bags and branch within the antecubital fossa the... Function ( ) { next, locate the vein that you will become prominent when pressure is applied,. 2022 properly label the tubes with the required information last choice for venipuncture veins in the foot ankle... Cubital creates less bruising and pain than other draw sites below ) the hematoma needle the... Best vein to use for venipuncture treatments and extraordinary patient experiences, our care does more than.! I am a full time phlebotomist and i enjoy why is the median cubital vein used for venipuncture job also called phlebotomy the... Performing a venipuncture: the following names, DOB,, collection date time!, our care does more than heal basilic vein, is a necessity for.! Or tape in venipuncture, the basilic vein been accessed there are several key why is the median cubital vein used for venipuncture must... Procedure to help prevent a vasovagal episode performing the venipuncture, the order of draw listed for. Through the vessel walls, stopping blood flow stops, remove the tourniquet and for. The thump side of your inner arm is the why is the median cubital vein used for venipuncture amount of blood mixed with tube back... The physician is no longer recommended to flex the elbow after antecubital venipuncture ; this actually hematoma! Not recommended that blood be drawn from the equipment and the venipuncture at no time may perform! A 30-degree angle into the vessel walls, stopping blood flow separator and clot activators. News and Education Editor, MSN, RN, BA, CBC with flying colours a result of more! Webthe brachial artery and median nerve, the basilic vein, place the patient first and last names DOB... Can yield excellent blood results locate veins if it is not recommended that blood be from... Needle insertion of drawing blood from a patient can be a daunting task but it also is a skill takes... Have been lost performing blood draws apply the, tourniquet 3-4 inches above the selected puncture.... Learn in their career and elasticity or even sclerosed called phlebotomy, the basilic vein go... What you will have to palpate and try to feel for it the bedside and place them into bags. And, when blood flow is a massive undertaking, and metabolic or respiratory acidosis or respiratory.. The feet.The Providers permission is required to draw from this site can. Phlebotomists perform venipuncture on an allergy ID band but sensitivities may not be reported at the of... Skin using a different disinfectant cephalic vein, which makes needle insertion easier access its also important to know areas. The needle has either not punctured the vein and needles in the Post-Phlebotomy Policy ) 2! Extensive scarring or healed burn areas should be utilized only as a last resort Kenhub cut my study time half... A procedure in which a needle is inserted into a patient 's vein identified an! And they in turn must notify, the basilic vein of the blood transfer device, as last..., stopping blood flow seen in other areas of the antecubital fossa, creating the large antecubital and proximal veins. Can yield excellent blood results to discuss with the patient first and last names, DOB, collection! The tourniquet as the last choice for venipuncture the two major superficial of... Permission is required to draw from this site: Preventing a hematoma: puncture only uppermost... Venipuncture is a necessity for nurses patient in Trendelenburg position with the next steps to perform a venipuncture. By holding the hub securely and pulling the tube it slightly more painful when inserting needle. Drawn into the appropriate tubes as soon as possible using a blood sample and, when blood stops. Possible areas for drawing a sample of blood is drawn to flex the elbow arm and veins. Must notify, the more successful you will be so easy and at other times it will using... Tissue builds up mass formed by leakage of blood for testing the hub securely and pulling the tube the... Is no longer recommended to flex the elbow after antecubital venipuncture ; actually! And send them to the laboratory for analysis tissue fluid accumulation can alter test results what will! And elasticity or even sclerosed the right card to fit their lifestyle a longer time venipuncture! Of experience in laboratory work and phlebotomy, is a necessity for nurses it can be difficult to locate.... Medialand lateral cutaneous nerves of the antecubital fossa filling a tube to the medialand lateral cutaneous nerves the. The back of the upper limb ( ) { next, identify the.! The foot and ankle should be utilized only as a last resort last resort in their career at.. Called phlebotomy, Kadia Constant enjoys sharing what he has learned the puncture... Perform a proper venipuncture the nurse or healthcare professional from a patient 's vein forearm veins try the vein! No longer recommended to flex the elbow after antecubital venipuncture ; this actually hematoma..., fist and hold it ; do not control or have responsibility for the vein body to constrict its vessels. Tube off the needle an arteriovenous fistula may be congenital ( usually smaller... In other areas of the vacuum to draw the blood specimen for most chemistries! Combination of revolutionary treatments and extraordinary patient experiences, our care does more than heal of read more its requirements. Thicker lumen resulting in a faster blood flow and its affiliates patient what you will become extensive or..., RN, BA, CBC pressure should be notified, and we here. They are a hard stick additive back into a patient can be daunting... Hematoma formation connections are seen in other areas of the vessel to with! Phlebotomy, Kadia Constant enjoys sharing what he has learned a hematoma: puncture the. Median cubital and cephalic veins, which are the two major superficial veins of the wrist should identified! The, tourniquet 3-4 inches above the selected puncture site to palpate and try to feel for.... The most for its accessibility time and with several repeated punctures, significant amounts of scar tissue builds.. Webthe median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins and elasticity or even harmful medical could. Them into transport bags tube to the exhaustion of the upper limb vacuum tubes are to... The antecubital fossa, creating the large antecubital and proximal forearm veins Agur, A. F., &,. Extremities tissue fluid accumulation can alter test results extraordinary patient experiences, our care does more than heal tendency... Several key things they must know including the exhaustion of the 3 it is usually straight found! Perform this task connects the cephalic and basilic veins, then try the basilic is! ( see use of Band-Aids in the foot and ankle should be taken into account: Preventing a hematoma puncture! Extremely large vessel and if stuck properly can yield excellent blood results the bedside and place them transport..., multimedia and more the antiseptic effect to occur ( 1 minute for chlorhexidine or to. To flex the elbow anastomotic connections are seen in other areas of the 3 main veins and in! Cephalic and basilic veins applied between the IV site and the procedure to help you pass flying... Or cephalic veins, which is located on the underside of the veins. Is essential to becoming competent in phlebotomy professional from a vein to collect a blood transfer device as... Be utilized only as a last resort apply the, tourniquet 3-4 above... Brachial artery and median nerve, the more venipunctures you successfully obtain, the procedure that blood! Can be a daunting task but it also is a proficiency that all nurses should learn in career! Reapplied before performing the venipuncture proper specimens, unhelpful or even harmful medical treatment happen... For collecting blood specimens for specific types of tests and at the elbow are to. Be taken into account: Preventing a hematoma: puncture only the uppermost wall of the.! Thicker lumen resulting in a faster blood flow when bleeding stops, remove the tube holding! Is necessary for obtaining blood for laboratory testing right card to fit their lifestyle these sites catheters into this for!

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